Broaching machine



C. 5. MLBRG BRoAcHNG MACHINE Jan. 25, 1938.'

File pril 19, 1935 Patented Jan. 25, 1938 UNITED v4sra'liazs FaraoniI er1-Ice lonial -Broach Company, a

Michigan corporation o! Appi'ication Api-11 1s, 193s, serial No. 11,198

9 claims.y (o1. sie- 33) The present invention relates to machines for operating metal werking tools, and particularly to machines arranged to provide an. automatic operating cycle fer a breaching tool used to machine an aperture.

In accordance with the invention disclosed and claimed in the copending application of Richard A. Thompson, Serial Number 35,693, filed August 7, 1935, and assigned te the assignee of the present invention, the initiation o-f a breaching operation is controlled manually while the sequence of various subsequent operations is entirely automatic.v Upon the actuation of a manual control means, the breaching machine engages the breaching tool, with respect to which the Work piece may have previously been positioned, draws it through the opening in the werk, and thereafter returns and releases the breach. The motien of the breaching machine head, which engl) gages the breaching tool, is reciprocating in character. At the conclusion of each breaching operation, the breaching head is automatically stopped at a loading point intermediate the ends of its path of motion. AtI the beginning of each breaching operation, the head moves to one extreme of its path of travel, engages the breaching tool, and is automatically reversed and restarted y in the vopposite direction. The release of the breaching tool occurs after Athe breaching machine head has travelledto the opposite extreme ef its path of travel, automatically reversed, and

returned tothe loading peint. The present inventien is concerned primarily with the provision release thereof by breaching head I4; and suitable of an improved construction of breaching head and control means therefor, and which is particuf lary adapted for use in practicing the invention of the above identied Thompson application.

Accordingly, the principal objects of my in-Iv ventien are: te provide a, breaching machine 4o having a head which engages and releases the tool during a cy'cle of movement; to provide an improved breach head particularly adapted for use in a breaching machine provided with control mechanism which moves the head to grasp the breach, returns to pull the breach through the work and again returns and releases the breach; to provide fingersen the head-*which engage the breach and lock the breach thereto;

, 5 to provide control means which operatesthe head to seize the breach, te reverse the movement of the head, to again reverse such movement and stop and release the breach at the initial'point of movement; to` provide such a breaching ma- 55 chine which is of relatively simple construction.

cylindrical shank 2|; a'support economical of manufacture, and accurate and positive in operation.

Other objects and features of novelty of my present invention will be. either specically pointed out or will become apparent when referring, for a. better understanding of my invention, to the following descriptientaken in conjunction with the accompanying drawing, where- Fig. 1 is a view in side elevation, partly in section, of an illustrative embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a view in side elevation, partly in section, of a breaching head which may be used in the practice of the present invention, and illustrating the positioning of the parts when the machine is in readiness to begin the drawing of the breach through the work piece; and,

Fig. 3 is a. view corresponding in general to Fig. 2, but showing the positioning of the parts during the course of the drawing of the-breaching tool through vthe work piece.

Referring generally to the several figures .of the drawing, the illustrated embodiment ofthe present invention comprises a frame I0, formed with two stationary bed plates II and I2 which are disposed to support a work piece I3 at different stages of a breaching operation; a breaching head I4, which is reciprecated by suitable hydraulic mechanism comprising a movable piston chamber I5, a. stationary piston I6 and associated mechanism, later described; a' resilient base I-l for supporting and-receiving a breach I8 upon electro-mechanical control apparatus illustrated asv comprising a manually operable switch I9 and related elements described more in'detail hereiny after.

Considering the above mentioned elements more in detail, breaching head Il,

whichis secured te chamberl I5 by` bolts 2li, comprises a. hollewed out 22 slidably tted within member 2I;' and an outer sleeve 23, the lower end 2l of which is nished `with laterally extending shoulders 25 which engage bed plate II and which terminates in a. dat surface 26 against which work piece I3 bears during the course of a breaching operation.

Support 22 is hollewed out, and is provided with two diametrically opposed longitudinal openings. to receive-two clamps 21, journaled therein en pins toggle connection comprising arm 3Iand a compression spring 32. As will be understood, `this connection biases arm I I to occupy either the 28, ,Pins 28 are connected together by a position illustrated in Fig. 1, or the position' shown in Figs. 2 and 3. Clamps 21 are formed with inner shoulders 33, disposed to engage a cooperating shoulder 34 formed at the upper end of broach I8, and with sloping outer shoulders 35, disposed to enter cooperating recesses 36 formed in shank The outwardly turned ends 40 of clamps 21 extend through longitudinal openings 4I formed in shank 2|, and enter longitudinal recesses 42 formed in sleeve 23.

Cams 43, disposed to actuate clamps 21 under certain hereinafter described conditions, are pivotally mounted by pins 44 in longitudinal openings 45 formed in sleeve 23. The mounting of cams 43 is such that limited rotation thereof in one direction is possible, but rotation thereof in the opposite direction is prevented by shoulders 46.

. Spring 5I, which surrounds sleeve 23, is seatedbetween recess formed in bed plate II, and a member 56 threaded to member 23, and resiliently supports sleeve 23 on bed plate II. Support 22 is slidably supported in shank 2| by a pin. 52,

A pump 10, which may be of any suitable' type, is rigidly fixed to frame I0, and supplies iluid pressure to chamber I5 from any suitable source 1I through intake pipes 12, 13 and 14. An exhaust line 15 also communicates with source 1 I. A suitable reversing valve 89, which may be of any conventional type, is arranged, when in the illustrated position, to connect supply line 14 with a pipe 8I, which is xed to piston' I6 and communicates with the lower portion of chamber I5 through ports 82; and to connect exhaust line 15.

to pipe 82. Pipe 82, concentric with pipe 8|, is ilxed to piston I6 and communicates with the upper portion of chamber I 5. In the opposite position of valve 8l, line 14 is connected to pipe 82, and exhaust line 15 is connected to pipe 8I.

Valve 8'0 is arranged for actuation by a crank 84, which is connected to a push rod 85. Push-rod 85 is provided with collars 86 and 81. Collar 86 is disposed for actuation by the upper end of chainber I5 when the latter reaches the upper extreme of itsmovement, to thereby move crank 84 to the illustrated position. Collar 81 is arranged for actuation by the lower end of chamber I5 when the latter reaches the lower limit of its path of movement, to thereby rotate crank 8 4'and actuate valve 88 to the previously mentioned opposite position. i

Supply lines 13 and 14 are connected together through an electro-mechanically operated valve 38, which is biased to the illustrated closed position by spring 9|, and may be actuated -to theopen position bysolenoid 92. The circuit for solenoid 921s arranged tor control by push button I9, a

.mcamanersted switch u and by self-holding conma; ,thrstterfeontabts being closed dumm;y

the energized condition of solenoid,

Push button I9 is preferably located for convenient operation by the operator of the machine, and switch 93 is arranged for actuation by an arm 94, and a cam 95 formed on chamber I5. Switch 93 normally occupies the closed position, but may be actuated to the illustrated open position du1 ing downward movement of chamber I5, by the engagement between cam 95 and the roller 96 associated with arm 34. In response to this engagement, arm 94 is rotated about pin 91, and moves switch 93 upwardly. The engagement of cam 95 with roller 96 has no effect on switch 93 during upward movement of chamber I5 since, under these conditions, the consequent rotation of arm 94 is in a direction away from switch 93. Spring 98 biases arm 94 to a horizontalposition.

Member I1, which as mentioned supports broach I8 when in the released position, comprises a cylindrical member |00, hollowed out to receive a compression spring IIlI and slidably tted in a cooperative cylinder |02.

With reference to the operation of the machine as a whole, the parts are illustrated in Fig. l in the positions occupied thereby when a broaching operation is to be begun, work piece I3 being shown as tted over the end of broach I8 and supported upon bed plate I2. It will be understood that while the positioning of piece I3 with respect to broach I8 is illustrated as accomplished simply by fitting it over broach I8, other positioning means may be employed.

Y Closure of push button lilcompletes a circuit' for solenoid 92which extends from the positive terminal of a suitable source of power through conductor IIO and solenoid 92 to ground. Upon completion of this circuit, solenoid 92 moves valve 99 to the open position and closes contacts 94. The latter contact prepares a self-holding circuit for solenoid 92 which extends from the positive terminal through conductor I I I,`switch 93, conductor II2, contacts 9 4 and conductor II3 to solenoid 92. Upon closure of switch 93, which occurs as mentioned below.' the circuit for solenoid v 92 remains complete until the termination of the breaching operation being described.

With valve 90 in the open position, and with valve 8Ilin the illustrated position, as previously described, the lower portion of chamber I5 is connected to the supply source 13 and the upper portion thereof is connected to the exhaust line 15. Accordingly, chamber I5 moves downwardly, carrying broaching head I4 with it. This motion moves cam 95 out of engagement with roller 96, closing switch 93 and completing the above described self-holding circuit for solenoid 92.

Because of the'engagement of shoulder 62 and.

the lower end of support 22, and because of the influence of compression spring 54, members 22 and 23 move downwardly with member 2I, compressing spring 5I. As shank 2I approaches the position with respect to bed-plate I2, illustrated in Fig. 2, work piece I3 and bed plate I2 prevent further downward movement of sleeve 23 and support 22. Shank 2|,-however, continues downwardly, compressing spring 54. l

Compression of-spring 54 causes support 22 to move inwardly with respect to shank 2|. In' the course of ythis movement, the sloping shoulders' 35 associated with clamps 21 ride along theinclined surfaces 36 i'ormed in shank 2|, forcing clamps 2 1 inwardly. This action movesslioulders 33 of clamps 2 1 under shoulder 34 of broach I8, and throws toggle members 3I and 32 to the position illustrated in Fig." 2, in which position l subjects support clamps 21 are biased to the broach engaging position. i

At an appropriate stage of the above described broach engaging motion of shank 2I, the lower end of chamber I5 engages collar 81. VThe remaining downward movement of chamber I5, ac,- cordingly, moves valve 80 to the opposite position,4 reversing the connections between chamber I5. supply line 14 and exhaust line 15. In re-` sponse to this action, the downward movement of chamber I5 is interrupted, and an upward movement thereof is initiated.

The consequent upward movement of shank 2i 22 to no upward force, except the biasing force of spring 5I, until after pin 52 engages the upper end of slot 53 in support 22. Thereafter, support 22 and broach I8 are positively moved by the latter engagement. 'Throughout such movement, shank 2I, support 22, clamps 21 and broach I3 occupy the relative positions illustrated in Fig. 3.

As the initial upward movement of shank 2l continues, following the engagement 'of pin 52 and the lower end of slot 53, sleeve 23 resumes the extended position illustrated in Fig. 3,4 in which shoulders 25 bear against cooperating surfaces formed in bed plate II. This movement of sleeve 23, as previously explained, is innuenced by spring 5I. l

In the course of the above described initial upward movement of the parts associated with broaching head I5, during which support 22 moves upwardly within sleeve 23, the ends il of clamps 21 engage and rotate cams 43 about their associated pivots 44. This motion, however, has no eiect upon theposition of clamps 21 with respect to supports 22 and broach I8.

As the upward motion ofchamber I5 continues, after the above described initial adjustments of the relative positions of shank 2i. support 22 and sleeve 23, shank 2| and support 22 are moved out of engagement with sleeve 23, and sleeve 23 remains resiliently fixed in position with respect to bed plate I I by spring 5I.

After broach` I8 has lbeen completely drawn through work piece I3, and depending upon the adjustment of collar 86 on push rod 85, the upper end of chamber I5 engages collar 85, and upon further movement, reverses the position of valve 86. again establishing conditions to cause chamber I5 to move downwardly. Accordingly, the upward movement of chamber I5 is interrupted and downward movementv thereof is becourse of this movement, arms gun.

As shank 2| and support 22, moving downwardly, approach the loading position shown in Fig. l, shank 2| again enters sleeve 23. In the I of clamps 21 engage cams 43.. At this time, spring 54 is spaced somewhat from shank 2I, as shownin Fig. 3, and therefore exerts no biasing force `on support 22. Sleeve v23, on the other hand, is biased to the position shown in Fig. l by spring I. Accordingly,4 cams d3 interrupt further downward movement ,of support 22, causing shank `2l to move downwardly with respect to support 22. When shoulders 35, associated with clamps 2.1, reach leasing broach I8. Broach I8,

positions opposite to recesses. 35, the upper end of spring. 54 engages'v shank 2I,`

ccordingly, drops to the -position illustrated in Fig.'1, in which it is resiliently supported on the previously described assembly associated with member I1.

They rotation of clamps 21, above mentioned, also throws the toggle members 3| position shown in Fig. l, in which these members are effective to bias clamps 21 to the broach releasing position.

At an appropriate state of the above mentioned broach releasing movement of shank 2I, cam 95 formed at the lower end of chamber I5, engages the roller 96. 94 is adjusted to open contacts 93 Ajust after broach I8 is released. Upon the opening of contacts 95. the previously mentioned self-holding lcircuit for solenoid 92 is interrupted, and valve 90 accordingly resumes the illustrated closed po- .sition under the inuence of biasing spring 9i.y

As a result, chamber I5 is disconnected from the supply and exhaust lines 14 and 15, respectively, and is stopped in the position illustrated in Fig. l; in which it is resiliently supported on spring v5I and bed plate II. As will be evident from previous description, the machine remains in this position until a duplicate operation is in-V itiated by again closing button I9. 'As will be understood also, the release of broach I8 upon the approach of head 2I tothe loading position, affords an opportunity to place a new work piece over the end of broach I8 in readiness for-the next broaching operation. I

From the above description, it will be seen that the present invention provides an automatic broaching machine. arranged to provide a complete automatic work cycle including a loading or broach engaging movement, a breaching movement, and a return movement to a loading position, in the course of which the broach is automatically released to enable the application of a new work piece.

Although a specific construction has been described,v it will be evident that various modifications may be made in the form and arrangement of parts without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the'described embodiment of which is to be considered in an i1- lustrative, and not in a limiting sense.

What isv claimed is:

1. In a machine ior operating a tool to be drawn through a work piece, a head constructed to engage and disengage said tool. means for moving said head in a reciprocating path, tripping means for cooperating with said head to cause said head to disengage said tool, and stationary means for supporting said tripping means' adjacent the path rof movement of said head for limited movement parallel to the path of travel of said head.

2. In a machine for operating a toolto be drawn through a work piece, a tool head constructed to engage and disengage said tool, comand 32 to the The consequent movement of arm l prising an outer sleevelike member, a core slidsaid interruption for actuating said head to release said tool.

3. In a machine drawn past a work engage and disengage for operating a tool to be piece, a head constructed to said tool comprising la pair of relatively movable members, means rendered effective by movement of said head for imparting a first relative movement to said movable members when said head reaches a first position and for imparting a second relative movement to said members when said head reaches a -further position; and a tool engaging element comprising rst and second relatively movable elements, means responsive to the approach of said head to said loading position for effecting a first relative movement between said members, means responsive to the approach of said head to said tool engaging position for effecting a second relative movement between said members, and a tool engaging element carried by said head and operably responsive to said rst relative movement for disengaging said tool and operably responsive to said second relative movement for engaging said tool.

5. In a machine for operating a tool to be drawn past a work piece, a tool supportingl head constructed to engage and disengage said tool, means for operating said head over a predetermined path, a tripping member responsive to the movement of said head, stationary means for supporting said tripping member adjacent the path of movement of said head for limited movement, said tripping member being effective to cooperate with said head when at one limit of movement to cause said head to disengage said tool, and effective when at its other limit of travel to cooperate with said head to cause said head to engage said tool.

6. In a machine for operating a tool to be drawn through a work piece, a head constructed to engage and disengage said tool, said head having an inner core member and al sleeve surrounding said core member and having a lost motion driving connection therewith; a' tripping member positioned adjacent the path of, travel of said head and-effective to interrupt the motion of said core member so that continued motion of said head takes up said lost motion and renders said sleeve effective to drive said core member; and

means positioned within said head and responsive to the driving of said core member by said sleeve for disengaging said tool.

, to engage and disengage said tool, said head having an inner core member and a sleeve surrounding said core member and having a lost motion driving connection therewith; a tripping member positioned adjacent the path of travel of said head and effective to interrupt the motion of said core member so that continued motion of said head takes up said lost motion and renders said sleeve effective to drive said core member; and means including a toggle clamp positioned within said head and responsive to the driving of said core member by said sleeve to disengage said tool.

8. In a machine for operating a tool to be drawn througha work piece, a head constructed to engage and disengage said tool, said head having an inner core member and a sleeve surrounding said core member and having a lost motionr driving connection therewith; avtripping memberl positioned adjacent the path of travel of said head and effective to interrupt the motion of said core member so that continued motion of saidhead takes up said lost motion and renders said sleeve eiective to drive said core member; said tripping member being rendered effective by the driving of said core member by said sleeve to actuate said head to disengage said tool.

9. In a machine for operating a tool to be drawn through a work piece, a head constructed vto engage and disengage said tool, said head having an inner core member and a sleeve vsurrounding said coremember and having a lost motion driving connection therewith; a tripping member positioned adjacent the path of travel of said head and eective to interrupt the motion of said core member so that continued motion of said head takes up said lost motion and renders said sleeve efectlveto drive said core member; a tool engaging element movably mounted within said head; said tripping member being ffective upon the driving of said core membe by said sleeve toactuate said tool engazing element to release said tool.

CARL J. HAISBORG. 

